Title deeds and maps on file in the real estate register are publicly available: anyone can access and take notes of them or request their certified copies.
Documents underlying entries in the land register may only be accessed upon the permission of the obligor and the obligee or if accessing the document is necessary for enforcing a right or fulfillment of an obligation arising from legal regulations or the resolution of an authority.
The land register authority sends out notifications about the changes of the title deed of a real estate to those who ordered such a service via Takarnet. Individuals may apply for it personally. It costs HUF 1900 (+ VAT) per year.
Title deeds contain:
- the data of the real estate: name of the settlement, location of the property (central or peripheral land use zone), address data, lot number, the size of the property, type of usage, quality classification and cadastral net profitability, as well as other information deemed necessary for registration purposes;
- the rights that can be recorded in the land register and the obligees thereof: ownership (and other similar rights, e.g. management right over a state asset), certain rights to use, preemptive right, right to repurchase, option to sell or buy, right to care or life annuity, mortgage, writ of execution and building right;
- certain legally significant facts, e.g. the obligee’s pending liquidation or dissolution, commencement of expropriation proceedings, actions brought against a resolution of the land register authority or other actions relating to the real estate, construction or demolition of a building, suspension of real estate registration proceedings, restrictions relating to the right of disposition; as well as
- pending applications affecting the entries of the title deed.
The land register is not binding per se, but various legal principles and presumptions empower it.
The land register shall be construed as authentic proof of recorded rights and facts. If a right or a fact is recorded in the land register, no one may allege their lack of knowledge thereof.
Until proven otherwise, the rights and facts recorded in the land register shall be construed as existing and entitling the obligees indicated in it. Until proven otherwise, the rights and facts deleted from the land register shall be construed as non-existent. Furthermore, various presumptions protect those who are recorded in the land register or proceed based on the land register bona fide.
Among certain other transactions, the sale and purchase of a real estate shall be recorded in the land register.
A building is either registered as a separate real estate or shown on the map of the land lot.